What is true about people who are positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen?

Individuals who test positive for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are currently infected with the Hepatitis B virus and are capable of transmitting the virus to others. This positive result indicates an active infection, whether acute or chronic. Transmissibility can occur through blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child during childbirth. Understanding this aspect is crucial for infection control and patient management in dental practices, as it emphasizes the need for appropriate precautions to prevent the spread of the virus during procedures.

In contrast, the other statements do not accurately reflect the implications of a positive HBsAg test. Such individuals have indeed contracted the virus, potentially have no immunity, and being asymptomatic is common, meaning many may not show symptoms despite being infectious.