What is the primary route of tuberculosis transmission?

The primary route of tuberculosis (TB) transmission is through airborne droplets. When an individual with active TB coughs, sneezes, or even talks, they release tiny droplets containing the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria into the air. These droplets can be inhaled by others nearby, leading to infection. This mode of transmission is particularly significant in crowded or enclosed spaces where the bacteria can remain suspended in the air for extended periods, increasing the risk of exposure.

Understanding that TB is not transmitted through food, contact with contaminated surfaces, or vector-borne means is crucial in recognizing how the disease spreads and in implementing effective public health measures to prevent transmission and control outbreaks. This knowledge is essential for dental professionals and others in healthcare settings, as it informs their practices regarding infection control and patient management.