What does plaque consist of?

Plaque is primarily a soft, sticky film that forms on the surfaces of teeth and is predominantly composed of food debris and bacteria. When carbohydrates from the food we eat remain on the teeth, they become a substrate for the bacteria that reside in the mouth. These bacteria thrive on the sugars and produce acids as a byproduct, which can contribute to tooth decay and gum disease.

The presence of food particles provides the necessary nutrients for various bacterial populations to colonize and multiply, leading to the formation and accumulation of dental plaque. This biofilm can mineralize over time into calculus (tartar) if not adequately removed through regular brushing and flossing.

Other options presented do not appropriately describe the composition of plaque. Saliva and blood, while components present in the oral cavity, do not constitute plaque. Calcium and phosphates are elements involved in the remineralization process of teeth but are not the main components of plaque itself. Enamel and dentin are hard tissues of the tooth and do not form plaque.

Understanding that plaque consists mainly of food debris and bacteria highlights the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene to disrupt plaque formation and prevent dental issues.